U27
Submontane-montane grey alder forests (Alnus incana) in combination with alder-ash forests (Fraxinus excelsior, Alnus glutinosa) and sycamore-ash forests (Fraxinus excelsior, Acer pseudoplatanus) in Central Europe and the Alps
Description
Multi-layered grey alder forests with weak additions of other types of trees; opulent, species-rich (especially tall herb-rich) herb layer, dominated by hygromesophytes, rich in Fagetalia and Querco-Fagetea species; well developed moss layer.In submontane locations the tone-setting vegetation is represented by alder-ash forests and sycamore-ash forests with dominance of Fraxinus excelsior and admixtures of (sub)montane woody plants (Acer pseudoplatanus, Ulmus glabra, on wet soils Picea abies), and sometimes also Alnus glutinosa. The shrub and herb layers are species-rich, while lianas are only rarely present.
Tree Layer
Alnus incana, Fraxinus excelsior, Ulmus glabra, Picea abies, Acer pseudoplatanus, Alnus glutinosa
Thin variant should be much more common do to poorly supported soils
Alder, Ash, Field Maple(less than Alder/Ash), Elm (rare), Norway Spruce (exceedingly rare, nonexistent on flood plain)
Shrub Layer
young growth of trees; Sambucus racemosa, Rubus idaeus, Corylus avellana or Salix purpurea, Salix fragilis, Salix myrsinifolia; Switzerland/Austria/ Czech Republic: Salix appendiculata, Euonymus europaea, Cornus sanguinea, Rubus caesius; Germany: Lonicera xylosteum, Crataegus laevigata, Hippophae rhamnoides; Slovakia: Salix elaeagnos, Lonicera nigra
Corylus avellana: Hazel Salix fragilis: Goat Willow Salix elaeagnos: White Willow Cornus sanguinea: Common Dogwood (not yet made) Hippophae rhamnoides: Alder Buckthorn
Bushes -> Small (Medium too large for undergrowth size of these “smaller” canopy trees
Lianas
Switzerland: Humulus lupulus (more rarely: Tamus communis, Vitis vinifera, Solanum dulcamara)
Lianas will need to be represented through mossy variants not yet made
Herb Layer
Aegopodium podagraria, Athyrium filix-femina, Lamium galeobdolon agg., Stellaria nemorum, Urtica dioica, Petasites albus, Carex remota, Chaerophyllum hirsutum, Impatiens noli-tangere, Silene dioica, Senecio ovatus, Senecio nemorensis agg., Stachys sylvatica, Primula elatior, Anthriscus nitida; Switzerland/ Austria: Carex acutiformis, Equisetum hyemale, (Solidago gigantea); Germany/Czech Republic/Poland: Aconitum napellus, Stachys sylvatica, Primula elatior, Lamium galeobdolon
Carduus personata: meloncholy thistle (usually 2 tall) Brachypodium sylvaticum:Harts tongue fern Calamagrostis varia: lush grass & bottle sedge Petasites hybridus: rosebay willowherb (sometimes 2 tall)
Moss layer (incl. lichens)Plagiomnium undulatum, Plagiomnium affine, Eurhynchium hians
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