K1
Pine forests (Pinus sylvestris var. engadinensis, in the western part also P. uncinata) in valleys of the Inner Alps with Astragalus onobrychis, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Onobrychis saxatilis in combination with dry grasslands (Stipa capillata)
Description
In the tree layer poor-growing, rough-barked common (Scots) pines normally dominate with a marked umbrella-shaped crown that seldom exceeds 10 m in height. At higher altitudes above 1000 m the pine clearly grows better. Spruce and larch are sprinkled about, while at lower altitudes the oak penetrates, and the whitebeam also occurs in tree form. An open shrub layer with numerous thermophilous species. An opulent moss layer. On dry, sun-facing dolomite and hard limestone slopes, and on porous rock sites.
Tree Layer
Pinus sylvestris (Scots Pine), Picea abies (Norway Spruce), Larix decidua (European Larch), Sorbus aria (Whitebeam), Quercus pubescens (Downy Oak)
Scots Pine, Norway Spruce, European Larch, Common Linden (small-medium), Downy Oak
Shrub Layer
Amelanchier ovalis (Beech Bush), Juniperus communis (Juniper), Juniperus sabina (Juniper Bush), Berberis vulgaris (Fruiting Rosehip Bush), Cotoneaster tomentosus (Goat Willow Bush), Rhamnus saxatilis (Alder Buckthorn), Viburnum lantana (Linden Bush), Ligustrum vulgare (Elder Bush), Prunus mahaleb (Common Linden (small-medium)), Hippocrepis emerus (Blackthorn Bush), Colutea arborescens (Blackthorn Bush)
Pine and Spruce saplings
Lianas
epiphytes: Viscum album subsp. Austriacum
Herb Layer
Erica carnea (blackberry_bush), Carex alba (woodland_sedge), Melampyrum pratense subsp. Pratense (common_cow_wheat), Goodyera repens (wild_parsley), Buphthalmum salicifolium (rock_rose), Dorycnium pentaphyllum subsp. Germanicum (wild_shrub), Leontodon incanus (dandelion), Anthericum ramosum (bottle_sedge), Prunella grandiflora (wild_parsley), Vincetoxicum hirundinaria (wild_overgrowth_nettles), Sesleria albicans (common_meadow_grass), Polygala chamaebuxus (blackberry_bush), Gymnadenia odoratissima, Epipactis atrorubens, Euphorbia cyparissias (wood_horsetail), Peucedanum oreoselinum (cow_parsley), Galium lucidum (sweet_woodruff), Teucrium chamaedrys (lavender), Thymus praecox (cross_leaved_heath), Astragalus onobrychis (fern)
Pine forests in the Misty Mountains
.png)
