H7
Eastern Anatolian deciduous forests
Description
Forests, typically with an open canopy and grassy understory, interspersed with areas of steppe. Steppe of Artemisia fragrans is common at lower elevations. Tragacanthic steppe occurs in oak-forest clearings, including several species of Astragalus. High-mountain steppes often feature herbaceous plants, including Achillea vermicularis, Ajuga chia, Helianthemum nummularium, Malcolmia africana, and Marrubium parvifolorum. Other steppe types are dominated by grasses.
Tree Layer
Quercus brantii (Holm Oak), Quercus libani (Cork Oak), Quercus infectoria (Downy Oak Bush), Quercus ithaburensis (Cork Oak), Quercus robur (Common Oak) (locally), Pinus sylvestris (Scots Pine) (montane), Platanus orientalis (Oriental Plane) (in valley forests), Juniperus communis (Juniper) (locally); in humid areas: Acer spp. (Maple), Alnus spp. (Common Alder), Castanea sativa (Horse Chestnut)
Holm Oak, Cork Oak, Downy Oak Bush, Common Oak, Scots Pine, Oriental Plane, Juniper, Maple, Common Alder, Horse Chestnut
Shrub Layer
No detail
Lianas
Rosa pimpinellifolia (blackberry_bush), Rosa canina (English Elm Bush), Convolvulus calvertii (cross_leaved_heath)
English Elm Bush, blackberry_bush, cross_leaved_heath
Herb Layer
Artemisia fragrans (wormwood), Astragalus spp. (sweet_woodruff, athelas), Gundelia tournefortii (dead_grass), Noaea mucronata (dead_bush), Thymus spp. (sweet_woodruff), Salvia cryptantha (autumnal_dwarf_birch), Achillea vermicularis (wood_horsetail), Helianthemum nummularium (rock_rose), Malcolmia africana (wild_parsley), Marrubium parviflorum (nettles)
wormwood, sweet_woodruff, athelas, dead_grass, dead_bush, autumnal_dwarf_birch, wood_horsetail, rock_rose, wild_parsley, nettles
Khand
