G44
Ligurian-middle Apennine downy oak forests (Quercus pubescens) with Viola alba subsp. dehnhardtii
Description
Moderately high, three-layered forests with numerous thermophilous species of the Quercetalia pubescenti-petraeae.
Biome:
Trees: Downy Oak (dominant); Common Ash, Field Maple, Judas Tree, Wild Service Tree, Hornbeam
Include ivy-variant trees
Shrubs: Lebethron, Fruiting Dogwood, Hawthorn, Elder Bush, Linden Bush, English Elm Bush
Ground cover:
sweet_woodruff, greater_wood_rush, wood_horsetail, lavender, rock_rose, wild_parsley, cow_parsley, black_knapweed
Tree Layer
Quercus pubescens (Downy Oak), admixed Fraxinus ornus (Common Ash), Acer campestre (Field Maple), Cercis siliquastrum (Judas Tree), Sorbus torminalis (Wild Service Tree), Sorbus domestica (Wild Service Tree), locally Ostrya carpinifolia (Hornbeam)
Shrub Layer
Cornus mas (Lebrethron), Cornus sanguinea (Fruiting Dogwood), Crataegus monogyna (Hawthorn), Ligustrum vulgare (Elder Bush), Viburnum lantana (Linden Bush)
Lianas
Hedera helix (ivy-variant trees), Rosa sempervirens (English Elm Bush)
Herb Layer
Viola alba subsp. Dehnhardtii (sweet_woodruff), Helleborus foetidus (greater_wood_rush), Melittis melissophyllum (wood_horsetail), Lithospermum purpurocaeruleum (greater_wood_rush), Teucrium chamaedrys (lavender), Buphthalmum salicifolium (rock_rose), Campanula medium (wild_parsley), Peucedanum cervaria (cow_parsley), Knautia drymeia (black_knapweed), Arum italicum (sweet_woodruff)
Lossarnach and northern Lebennin
