F7
Aquitanian pedunculate oak forests (Quercus robur), partly with Quercus pyrenaica, Quercus suber, Pinus pinaster, with Erica scoparia, Erica ciliaria, Rubia peregrina, Arenaria montana, Pulmonaria longifolia, Carex arenaria
Description
Open forests dominated by Quercus species (the participation of Quercus petraea in the natural vegetation is uncertain). Species-rich shrub layer, developed in two layers, consisting of woody and herbaceous acidophilous, mesophilous and thermophilous species. Well-developed moss layer.
Tree Layer
Quercus robur predominating (Common Oak), admixed Quercus pyrenaica (Downy Oak), Quercus petraea? (Sessile Oak), Castanea sativa (introduced) (Horse Chestnut), scattered Betula pendula (Silver Birch), Populus tremula (European Aspen), Sorbus torminalis, Prunus avium (Common Linden), Pinus pinaster (Maritime Pine), Quercus suber (Cork Oak);
Common Oak predominating, admixed Downy Oak, Sessile Oak, Horse Chestnut, Silver Birch, European Aspen, Common Linden, Maritime Pine, Cork Oak
Shrub Layer
Young growth of trees, further Juniperus communis (Juniper), Ilex aquifolium (Holly), Cytisus scoparius (wild_shrub), Pyrus cordata (Wild Pear), Corylus avellana (Hazel), Frangula alnus (Alder Buckthorn), Crataegus monogyna (Hawthorn), Prunus spinosa (Blackthorn), Euonymus europaea (Spindle), Cornus sanguinea (Fruiting Dogwood), Mespilus germanica (Dogwood), Ligustrum vulgare (Elder Bush);
Oak, Alder, Apple and Willow and Downy Willow saplings
Lianas
Hedera helix, Lonicera periclymenum, Tamus communis, rarely Rubia peregrina, Rubus fruticosus agg., Rubus ulmifolius (Gironde), Rosa sempervirens
Herb Layer
Melampyrum pratense (common_cow_wheat), Pteridium aquilinum (bracken), Solidago virgaurea (goldenrod), Anthoxanthum odoratum (timothy_grass (use sparingly)), Deschampsia flexuosa (lush_grass), Carex pilulifera (bottle_sedge), Carex arenaria (deergrass), Holcus mollis (dry_reeds), Teucrium scorodonia (sweet_woodruff), Hypericum pulchrum (birdsfoot_trefoil), Luzula forsteri (deergrass), Pseudarrhenatherum longifolium (woodland_sedge), Pulmonaria longifolia (sweet_woodruff), Festuca heterophylla (meadow_fescue), Arenaria montana (wild_parsley);more demanding species: Hieracium umbellatum (dandelion), Stachys officinalis (sweet_woodruff), Brachypodium sylvaticum (lush_grass), Ranunculus nemorosus (wild_parsley)
Forests around the lower Isen, in Enedwaith and the Druwaith Iaur
