F3
British hygrophilous oak forests (Quercus petraea, Quercus robur) with Molinia caerulea, alternating with birch carrs (Betula pubescens) with Myrica gale, Erica tetralix, Narthecium ossifragum and valley bogs
Description
Mosaic of hygrophilous oak forests (Quercus petraea, Quercus robur on heavier soils) and birch carrs (Betula pubescens on wetter, Betula pendula on dry sites). Locally a shrub layer of Salix cinerea, Sorbus aucuparia and Ilex aquifolium. Depending on soil humidity, base and nutrient deficiency, and water balance the herb layer may be dominated by Ericaceae species, grasses, rushes or mosses. Wet heaths and fens on acidic and water-logged sites are characterised by Ericaceae, sedges and sphagnum mosses.
F3a: Regular
F3b: Wet
Tree Layer
F3a: Quercus petraea (Sessile Oak), Quercus robur (Common Oak)Oak and Apple saplings
F3b: Betula pubescens (Downy Birch), Betula pendula (Silver Birch)
Alder, Willow, Downy Willow saplings
Shrub Layer
Salix cinerea (White Willow Bush), Sorbus aucuparia (Rowan), Ilex aquifolium (Holly), Myrica gale (wild_shrub)
Oak, Apple and Alder saplings
Lianas
Rubus fruticosus agg. (Fruiting Bramble Bush)
Herb Layer
F3a: Molinia caerulea (sweet_grass), Deschampsia flexuosa (lush_grass), Calluna vulgaris (heather), Potentilla erecta (birdsfoot_trefoil), Dryopteris dilatata (fern_1, bracken, fern), Holcus mollis (dry_reeds)
F3b: Erica tetralix (cross_leaved_heath), Narthecium ossifragum (bottle_sedge), Eriophorum angustifolium (cotton_grass), Eriophorum vaginatum (cotton_grass), Drosera rotundifolia, Hydrocotyle vulgaris (sweet_woodruff), Viola palustris (wild_parsley), Carex nigra (deergrass), Juncus effusus (rushes), Juncus acutiflorus (rushes), Cirsium palustre (black_knapweed, thistles)
Forests surrounding the southern Blue Mountains and around the lower Brandywine
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